Table 2. Mean Values of Motivation by Gender, Class in School, and Funding Source
| Females (n = 451) |
Males (n = 351 ) |
Freshman (n= 275) |
Seniors (n= 183) |
Self-funded (n=173) |
All Other Payment Forms (n=676) |
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| SD | SD | Difference | SD | SD | Difference | SD | SD | Difference | |||||||
| Intrinsic motivation - to know |
20.9 | 4.7 | 19.9 | 5.1 | 1.0** | 21.1 | 4.8 | 19.5 | 5.1 | 1.6** | 20.2 | 4.8 | 20.5 | 4.9 | 0.3 |
| Intrinsic motivation - toward accomplishment |
19.0 | 5.3 | 17.4 | 5.6 | 1.6*** | 18.7 | 5.5 | 17.7 | 5.0 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 5.4 | 18.4 | 5.4 | 0.4 |
| Intrinsic motivation - to experience stimulation |
14.8 | 5.5 | 13.5 | 5.5 | 1.3*** | 14.8 | 5.4 | 13.0 | 5.3 | 1.8*** | 14.1 | 5.4 | 14.4 | 5.5 | 0.3 |
| Intrinsic Total | 54.7 | 13.7 | 50.9 | 14.5 | 3.8*** | 54.6 | 13.9 | 50.2 | 13.8 | 4.4** | 52.3 | 13.8 | 53.3 | 14.1 | 1.0 |
| Extrinsic motivation - identified |
23.7 | 3.9 | 22.6 | 4.6 | 1.1*** | 23.8 | 4.0 | 22.5 | 4.8 | 1.3* | 22.3 | 4.5 | 23.5 | 4.1 | 1.2 |
| Extrinsic motivation - introjected |
21.2 | 5.4 | 19.1 | 6.0 | 2.1*** | 21.0 | 5.6 | 19.5 | 5.9 | 1.5* | 20.1 | 5.8 | 20.3 | 5.7 | 0.2 |
| Extrinsic motivation - external regulation |
23.6 | 4.2 | 23.3 | 4.9 | 0.3 | 24.3 | 4.1 | 22.9 | 5.0 | 1.4** | 22.4 | 4.9 | 23.8 | 4.4 | 1.4 |
| Extrinsic Total | 68.5 | 11.1 | 65.0 | 12.7 | 3.5*** | 69.1 | 11.1 | 65.0 | 12.7 | 4.1** | 64.8 | 12.2 | 67.6 | 11.7 | 2.8** |
| Amotivation | 6.6 | 4.3 | 7.6 | 5.2 | 1.0*** | 6.5 | 3.9 | 7.4 | 5.2 | 0.9 | 7.7 | 5.0 | 6.8 | 4.6 | 0.9*** |